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Early FRENCH HORNS had no valves and fingerings. To slightly change pitches, the player would loosen or tighten his or her lips, or simply stuff the hand a little further into the bell of the instrument. In order to play in more than one key, the early player had to stop and insert another "crook" into the tubing; this made the horn just enough longer or shorter to change all the pitches on the horn. The virtuoso of the time carried many of these “crooks” with him. Later these inconvenient tubing pieces were replaced with valves and levers for the fingers to depress. If you were to straighten out all the tubing, you would end up with a horn of 12 - 16 feet in length.

These are paper patterns for applique, embroidery, or other art projects. Each pattern purchased contains three regular, instructional pages (8.5 x 11 inches) plus one over-sized pattern page (16 x 16 inches) for the making of one block that will finish 15 x 15 inches square.